Gyratory crusher



Paiemed Feb. 9, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT 'OFFICE 2,310,601 Gra-ATOM' cnUsHEa Harvey H. Rumpel, Milwaukee, Wis., assigner to Smith Engineering Works, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application April 18, 1940, Serial No. 330,246

4 Claims.

My present invention relates in general to improvements in the art of crushing, and relates more specifically to improvements in the construction and operation of gyratory crushers or the like. Y

Generally defined, an object of the present invention is to lprovide Various improvements in the details of construction of gyratory Crushers or the like, whereby working parts are effective ly concealed and protected during normal use of such machines.

Some of the more specic objects of my invention are as follows:

To provide improvements in the construction of the inlet or receiving portion of a gyratory crusher, which are normally subjected to eX- cessive abrasion and violent impact from large and jagged pieces and to masses of finer abrasive materials and dust, whereby these inlet crusher portions or parts are thoroughly protected against rapid wear and damage.

To provide an improved head and mantle assemblage for gyratory crushers or the like, wherein the seal between the moving head and fixed supporting elements is not exposed to the entering raw material, and in which the mantle fastening parts are also effectively guarded against such material.

To provide an improved gravity type gyratory head structure of the type which is operable by means of an eccentric disposed directly within the head, and wherein the seal for the eccentric lubricating system and the head mantle retaining mechanism are associated with head adjacent its smaller upper end adjacent to the inlet opening of the crusher.

To provide an extremely compact and efficient sliding seal for preventing ingress of dirt and grit to the lubricating system of a gyratory Crusher cr the like, which is readily adjustable and accessible for inspection, while being normally effectively protected.

To provide various improvements in the details of construction of gyratory Crushers, whereby the cost of construction is reduced t a minimum, assembly and dismantling are facilitated, and the efficiency is enhanced to a maximum,

These and other specific objects and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description.

A vclear conception of the several features constituting my present invention, and of the mode of constructing and of operating gyratory crushers embodying the improvements, may be had by referring to the drawings accompanying and forming apart of this Vspecification wherein like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views.

, Fig. l is a central vertical section through a typical gyratory Crusher having the improved features incorporated therein, and showing the head protected by a one-piece mantle; and

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional View showing the 4details of construction of the improved seal and mantle attaching structures associated with the crusher head and spider.

While the invention has been shown herein as being specifically applied to a particular type of gyratory crusher having parallel throw and a fixed' shaft ypenetrating the head and on which the gyrating eccentric is journalled, it is not my desire or intent to thereby unnecessarily restrict the scope or utility of the improvement.

Referring especially -to Fig. 1 of the drawing, the gyratory Crusher shown therein comprises in general a rigid main frame 8 having an annular crushing concave 9 and a lower central hub Ii) formed vintegral therewith; an upper spider II firmly secured to the upper inlet portion of the concave 9 and having a central hub I2 connected to the feed rim of the spider I I by means of twoor more integral radial arms I3; a sturdy upright supporting column or strut I4 disposed centrally of the concave 9 and interconnecting and being rigidly secured to the lower and upper alined hubs I0, I2 by means of wedges I5, in a well-known manner; a parallel throw eccentric It journalled for rotation upon the strut I4 within the concave 9 and being rotatable by means of a bevel gear II, the eccentric resting upon a thrust bearing I8 carried by thev lower hub I'; a tapered or frustro-conical Crusher' head I9 having an internal bore coactingwith the periphery of the' eccentric I6 and being supported for gyration upon the frame 8 through a thrust ring 20 and 'bearing 2I; a crushing mantle 2'2 embracing and lsecured to the head I9 by means of a ringnut 2`3 and cooperating with a sectional liner 24 secured to the interior of the concave 9 to provide an annular downwardly' converging crushing chamberV 25; and a drive shaft 26 journalled in a .bearingV 21 carried by the frame' B, and having thereon a bevel pinion 28 coacting with the gear I'Ito gyrate the eccentric I6 and head IS while `permitting free rotation of the latteri Gyratory Crushers of the above described general type, are relatively well known in the vindustry, but considerable difficulty' has heretofore been encountered in protecting the relatively delicate mechanisms disposed near the inlet or mouth of the crushing zone or chamber 25, and in sealing the eccentric, thrust bearing and gear lubricating systems thereof against entry of dirt and grit. The improved lubricating system shown in Fig. 1, comprises a iubricant supply pipe 29 communicating with the lower end of a central distributing duct 3U within the cylindrical strut I4 through passages 3I, the duct 30 having radial outlet conduits 32 leading from the medial and upper portions thereof to the inner bore of the eccentric I6; a longi- `tudinal oil groove 33 formed in the bore of the eccentric but terminating short of the upper and lower ends thereof, and communicating with the bore of the head I9 through passages 34; an annular oil chamber 35 formed within an upper annular extension 36 on the head I9 and communicating with the upper end of the central bore of this head; ducts 31 leading from the lower portion of the head bore to the ring 20 and thrust bearing 2I; passages 38 formed through the gear I1 for conveying lubricant to the teeth of the gear and of the pinion 28; and a lubricant return pipe 39 for conducting the oil from the gear housing chamber 49 back to the pump for re-circulation through the supply pipe 29.

The oil chamber 35 which is formed within the integral annular projection or upper extension 36 of the crusher head I9, is in open communication with the upper ends of the b'ores of the eccentric I and head I9, and oil is frequently forced into this chamber 35 during normal functioning of the lubricating system. It is therefore necessary to effectively seal the chamber 35 against possible entry of foreign matter; and because of the fact that the chamber 35 is located near the inlet to the crushingv zone 25, the seal for this chamber 4should be well protected. I therefore provide the stationary hub I2 of the spider II with an annular lower recess 4I as clearly shown in Fig. 2, and make the head extension 35 of sufficient height to extend well within the recess 4I. A sealing ring 42 which is vertically slidable within the recess 4I, has snug sliding coaction with the inner recess wall and is provided with a resilient packing ring 43 which coacts with the outer wall of the recess 4I, and the ring 42 is constantly urged toward the upper end of the head extension 39 by means of two or more compression springs 44 coacting with plugs 45 which are adjustable to vary the spring tension. The ring 42 may also be guided so as to prevent rotation thereof, by means of two or more guide bolts 46 coacting with the spider hub I2, and these bolts 46 while permitting vertical adjustment of the ring 42 also serve to prevent this ring from dropping out of the recess 4I when the spider II is lifted away from the head. The upper end of the head extension 36 is provided with a contact ring 41 formed of suitable wear resistant material, and this ring 41 is adapted to slide along and in intimate contact with the lower face of the sealing ring 42 as the head I9 is gyrated or rotates. Since the head I9 may be adjusted vertically to vary the size of the discharge opening, by inserting shims of various thickess between the ring and the lower end of the head, the recess 4I must be of suiiicient vertical depth to accommodate such adjustment. The seal for the chamber is thus constantly disposed entirely within the spider recess 4I out of possible danger of being damaged by the material entering the crusher, and is thoroughly protected by the sturdy spider hub I2. The upper ends of the plugs and bolts 46 may be protected by a cap 48 which is removable so as to permit access to these adjustable parts.

The mantle 22 which protects the tapered crushing head IS is formed of suitable wear resistant metal and may have either a smooth or a corrugated external crushing surface, and this mantle may moreover be constructed of one piece, or of two sections. In order to secure a rm attachment of the mantle 22 to the head I9, the external tapered surface 49 of the head I9 is preferably accurately machined, and .the lowermost portion 59 of the relatively hard mantle should be ground to snugly fit the lower part of the machined surface 49 while the remainder of the mantle does not actually contact the head I9. This applies to either a one-piece or a sectional mantle assemblage, and in either case, a ring nut 23 should be used to drive the lower mantle portion 59 into snug contact with the lower part of Athe tapered surface 49. Means should also be provided for positively preventing relative rotation of the mantle and head, and the spaces between the mantle and the head above the contacting portion 50 Vshould be lled with material 5I such as zinc, pouredinto these spaces while the metal is in molten condition. The clamping ring nut 23 engages screw threads 54 formed on the head I9 directly beneath the extension 36, and the upper end of the mantle 22 should preferably be provided with an annular upwardly extending projection 53 adjoining an integral inwardly projecting flange 52 with which the clamping ring nut 23 coacts, the ring nut 23 thus being normally confined within the mantle projection 53.

From the foregoing detailed description it will be apparent that my present invention provides various improvements in the details of construction of gyratory Crushers or the like, whereby the working parts which are located relatively near fectively concealed and protected during normal use of the machine. During such normal use, the

material which is to be crushed is delivered to the crushing chamber 25 past the spider II, and the head I9 is being gyrated by the eccentric I5 to thereby reduce the material as it gravitates through the crushing zone. The lubricating system is operating to constantly supply an abundant quantity of oil to al1 of the moving parts, and the seal afforded by the coacting rings 43, 41 will effectively prevent foreign matter from entering the lubricating system through the chamber 35. By virtue of the fact that this seal is located within a recess 4I in the stationary hub I2, the entering material cannot damage the sealing elements, and the seal is also exposed to minimum quantities of dust and grit. The annular projection 53 at the upper end of the mantle, also serves to protect Crusher parts and especially the ring nut 23 which clamps the mantle in place. This projection 53 on the mantle furthermore reduces to a minimum the gap between the upper end of the crushing mantle and the lower end of the xed hub I2. In this manner, all of the relatively delicate crushes parts which are located near the inlet, are most effectively sealed and protected by virtue of the cooperation of the mantle with the seal housing elements. The improvement has proven highly successful in actual commercial use, and the attachment afforded by the ring nut 23 coacting with the flanges 52 and with the other fixing means, positively prevents possible rotation of the mantle relative to the head and prevents possible loosening of the ring nut.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit this invention to the exact details of construction, or to the precise mode of use, herein shown and described, for various modications within the scope of the cclaims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

I claim:

l. In a gyratory Crusher, a crushing concave having a hub xedly mounted centrally of and beyond one end of the concave, a stationary strut disposed centrally within said concave and being rigidly attached to said hub, a crushing head gyratable about said strut within said concave and co-operating with the latter to form an annular crushing chamber having an inlet surrounding said hub, and a rotary eccentric interposed between said strut and said head for gyrating the latter, said hub having an annular recess facing the head and said head having an integral annular extension laterally movable within said recess during gyration of the head and slidably coacting With the recess bottom to provide a sliding seal for concealing said eccentric disposed entirely within said recess and devoid of joints exposed directly to said crusher inlet.

2. In a gyratory Crusher, a crushing concave having a hub lXedly mounted centrally of and beyond one end of the concave, a stationary strut disposed centrally within said concave and being rigidly attached to said hub, a crushing head gyratable about said strut within said concave and co-operating with the latter to form an annular crushing chamber having an inlet surrounding said hub, and a rotary eccentric interposed between said strut and said head for gyrating the latter, said hub having an annular recess facing the head and provided with a sealing ring adjustable therealong to vary the effective depth of the recess and said head having an integral annular extension laterally movable within said recess during gyration of the head and slidably engaging said ring to provide a sliding seal for concealing said eccentric disposed entirely within said recess and devoid of joints exposed directly to said crusher inlet.

3. In a gyratory Crusher, an upright crushing concave having a hub xedly mounted centrally of and above its upper end, a stationary upright strut disposed centrally within said concave and having its upper end rigidly attached to said hub, a crushing head gyratable about said strut Within said concave and co-operating with the latter to form an annular crushing chamber having an upper inlet surrounding said hub, and a rotary eccentric interposed between said strut and said head for gyrating the latter, said hub having an annular downwardly open recess and said head having an integral annular upper extension horizontally movable within said recess Vduring gyration of the head and slidably coacting with the recess bottom to provide a sliding seal for concealing said eccentric disposed entirely within said recess and devoid of joints exposed directly to said upper inlet.

4. In a gyratory Crusher, an upright crushing concave having a hub xedly mounted centrally of and above its upper end, a stationary upright strut disposed centrally within said concave and having its upper end rigidly attached to said hub, a crushing head gyratable about said strut within said concave and co-operating with the latter to form an annular crushing chamber having an upper inlet surrounding said hub, and a rotary eccentric interposed between said strut and said head for gyrating the latter. said hub having an annular downwardly open recess provided with a sealing ring adjustable therealong to vary the effective depth of the recess and said head having an integral annular upper extension horizontally movable within said recess during gyration of the head and slidably engaging said ring to provide a sliding seal for concealing said eccentric disposed entirely within said recess and devoid of joints exposed directly to said upper inlet.

HARVEY H. RUMPEL, 

